An Eye for an Eye

Friday, February 3, 2012
Pray: 
Dear God, You who are just and merciful, give me understanding to do what is "right and just and fair" (Prov. 1:3).
Read: 
Exodus 21:12-36

[12] "Anyone who strikes a man and kills him shall surely be put to death. [13] However, if he does not do it intentionally, but God lets it happen, he is to flee to a place I will designate. [14] But if a man schemes and kills another man deliberately, take him away from my altar and put him to death. [15] "Anyone who attacks his father or his mother must be put to death. [16] "Anyone who kidnaps another and either sells him or still has him when he is caught must be put to death. [17] "Anyone who curses his father or mother must be put to death. [18] "If men quarrel and one hits the other with a stone or with his fist and he does not die but is confined to bed, [19] the one who struck the blow will not be held responsible if the other gets up and walks around outside with his staff; however, he must pay the injured man for the loss of his time and see that he is completely healed. [20] "If a man beats his male or female slave with a rod and the slave dies as a direct result, he must be punished, [21] but he is not to be punished if the slave gets up after a day or two, since the slave is his property. [22] "If men who are fighting hit a pregnant woman and she gives birth prematurely but there is no serious injury, the offender must be fined whatever the woman's husband demands and the court allows. [23] But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life, [24] eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, [25] burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise. [26] "If a man hits a manservant or maidservant in the eye and destroys it, he must let the servant go free to compensate for the eye. [27] And if he knocks out the tooth of a manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free to compensate for the tooth. [28] "If a bull gores a man or a woman to death, the bull must be stoned to death, and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the bull will not be held responsible. [29] If, however, the bull has had the habit of goring and the owner has been warned but has not kept it penned up and it kills a man or woman, the bull must be stoned and the owner also must be put to death. [30] However, if payment is demanded of him, he may redeem his life by paying whatever is demanded. [31] This law also applies if the bull gores a son or daughter. [32] If the bull gores a male or female slave, the owner must pay thirty shekels of silver to the master of the slave, and the bull must be stoned. [33] "If a man uncovers a pit or digs one and fails to cover it and an ox or a donkey falls into it, [34] the owner of the pit must pay for the loss; he must pay its owner, and the dead animal will be his. [35] "If a man's bull injures the bull of another and it dies, they are to sell the live one and divide both the money and the dead animal equally. [36] However, if it was known that the bull had the habit of goring, yet the owner did not keep it penned up, the owner must pay, animal for animal, and the dead animal will be his.

Scripture taken from the Holy Bible, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 International Bible Society. All rights reserved throughout the world. Used by permission of International Bible Society.

Meditate

Consider: 
"He has showed you, O man, what is good. And what does the Lord require of you? To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with Your God" (Mic. 6:8).
Think Further: 

Imagine you are on jury duty to hear a case that involves a serious injury—what principles would guide you? In this passage we find instructions for those who have to make similar judgments. A key principle is "an eye for an eye" (23-25), a biblical principle that has often been misunderstood. Here, it is found in instructions for judges, not for the general public; hence, the principle is to be understood not in terms of personal revenge (See Matt. 5:38-42) but of fair judgment.

Using this principle, the penalty for murder is capital punishment, as it shows the seriousness of the offense. Accidental killing is differentiated from cold-blooded murder, and the offenders are treated differently (12-14). Taking human life is treated differently (and more seriously) than the killing of animals (33-36). This principle ensures not only a fair penalty system, but also fair compensation. Physical and verbal abuse of one's parents is as serious as murder (15,17). Also, the rights of servants are further guarded. Those who deal with slave labor or human trafficking are as bad as murderers (16). A servant who loses an eye or tooth as a result of his master's violence is to be freed (26, 27), thus saving them from further violence and abuse.

When injury, accident, or abuse occurs, God's Word provides guidelines on how these situations are to be handled and the offenders and victims treated to avoid unfair treatment of offender and victim. Fairness and personal responsibility are emphasized. The principle of divine mercy, together with divine justice, is made clearer elsewhere in Scripture (Mic. 6:8; Hab. 3:2; Matt. 23:23; Eph. 2:3-5).

Apply: 
As a recipient of God's justice and mercy, ask for his help to live the crucified life and to show justice and mercy in all your relationships.
Pray: 
Mighty God, I want to act justly, truly love mercy, and to daily walk humbly before You. May Your light shine through me.
Through the Bible In One Year: 
Exodus 19,20 / Matthew 24

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